How to update and upgrade the system in FreeBSD?

System updates and upgrades in FreeBSD can be accomplished through the following steps:

1. Update the software package database using the pkg command.

sudo pkg update

1. Upgrade installed packages using the pkg command.

sudo pkg upgrade

1. To update the basic components and kernel of the system, you can achieve this by executing the following commands.

sudo freebsd-update fetch
sudo freebsd-update install

1. To upgrade to a new major version (such as from 11.x to 12.x), you can use the following commands to backup and install.

sudo freebsd-update upgrade -r 12.0-RELEASE
sudo freebsd-update install

1. Finally, restart the system to apply the updates.

sudo reboot

By following the steps above, you can update and upgrade your system in FreeBSD to get the latest features and security patches.