How does the Spring MVC framework work?

Spring MVC is an open-source MVC framework based on Java, and its functioning is as follows:

1. When a client (such as a browser) sends an HTTP request to the server, the request is sent to the DispatcherServlet.
2. DispatcherServlet is the central component of Spring MVC, serving as the front controller to receive all requests and dispatch them to the appropriate handler (Controller).
3. Handler Mapping: The DispatcherServlet uses a configured handler mapping to determine which handler should process a request. The handler mapping can map requests based on information such as the URL and request method.
4. Handler Adapter: The handler adapter is responsible for adapting handlers to the DispatcherServlet. Depending on the type of handler, the handler adapter will call different handler methods.
5. The processor executes: The processor (Controller) will handle requests based on business logic, and return the corresponding model data and view name.
6. View Resolver: The view resolver resolves the corresponding view based on the view name returned by the controller, usually by rendering the view through a template engine.
7. View rendering: The view resolver renders the view into the final HTML response.
8. Response: DispatcherServlet sends the final HTML response to the client.

In summary, Spring MVC uses DispatcherServlet as the front controller to receive requests, determines which controller should handle the request through the handler mapping, the handler adapter calls the handler method to process the request, and returns the corresponding model data and view name. The view resolver resolves the corresponding view based on the view name, and renders it to the final HTML response returned to the client.