How to change the character set in MySQL?

To change the character set of MySQL, you can follow these steps:

1. Access the MySQL database.
2. Use the following command to verify the currently set character set:

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';

1. Configuration for MySQL server

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

1. Restart the MySQL service to apply the configuration.

To modify the character set of an existing database or table, you can follow these steps:

1. Log in to the MySQL database.
2. Use the following command to check the character set settings of the current database or table:

SHOW CREATE DATABASE database_name;
SHOW CREATE TABLE table_name;

1. You can use the following command to modify the character set of the database.

ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

1. You can use the following command to change the character set of a table:

ALTER TABLE table_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

Please note that changing the character set of a table may take some time, especially for large tables.
5. Repeat step 2 to ensure that the modification has taken effect.

The above are the basic steps for modifying the MySQL character set, additional configurations and operations may be necessary depending on specific circumstances.