What are the characteristics of the Java static keyword?

The keyword “static” in Java has the following characteristics:

1. It can modify class member variables and methods to indicate that these members belong to the class rather than an instance.
2. Static member variables, when declared, are shared by all instances of a class, with only one copy existing in memory.
3. Methods that are marked as static can be directly called using the class name, without needing to create an object.
4. Static member variables and methods can be accessed without creating an object.
5. Static member variables and methods can be accessed directly through the class name without needing an object reference.
6. Static member variables and methods can be used to store and manipulate data at the class level.
7. Non-static methods cannot directly access non-static member variables and methods; they can only be accessed through object references.
8. The keyword “this” cannot be used in static methods because “this” refers to the current object, and static methods do not have object references.
9. The static block is executed when the class is loaded, used for initializing static members, and only runs once.
10. A static inner class is also static and cannot access non-static members of the outer class.