Several implementations of sharding and partitioning in MySQL.

Some implementation forms of MySQL sharding and partitioning include:

1. Vertical sharding: distributing tables in a database across multiple databases based on business functionality so that each database contains only a portion of the tables. This can improve concurrency performance by spreading different tables across different databases according to business requirements.
2. Horizontal partitioning: It means distributing tables from a database to different databases based on a certain rule for data rows, with each database containing only a portion of the data. This can be achieved by dispersing data rows to different databases based on a rule such as ID range or hash value, thereby achieving distributed storage of data.
3. Partition table: dividing a large table into multiple smaller tables based on a certain criteria, with each smaller table containing only a portion of the data. This can help enhance query performance and management efficiency by organizing data into different partitions based on a specific field, such as date or region.
4. Master-slave replication: The original database acts as the master database, and data is copied to multiple slave databases to achieve read-write separation. The master database is responsible for write operations, while the slave databases are responsible for read operations, which can improve the database’s performance for both reading and writing.
5. Distributed database: Data is separated and allocated across multiple independent database nodes, with each node responsible for storing and querying a portion of the data. By using sharding techniques to distribute data among different nodes, the database’s ability to scale horizontally is enhanced.