What are the methods for handling transactions in JDBC?

There are several methods for handling transactions in JDBC (Java Database Connectivity): 1. Auto-commit mode: This is the default mode in JDBC, where each SQL statement is treated as an independent transaction and immediately committed to the database. The auto-commit mode can be set using the `setAutoCommit(boolean autoCommit)` method. 2. Manual-commit mode: In this mode, developers need to explicitly call the `commit()` method to submit the transaction or the `rollback()` method to roll back the transaction. The auto-commit mode can be turned off using the `setAutoCommit(false)` method.示例代码如下:

try {
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
    conn.setAutoCommit(false); // 设置为手动提交模式
    // 执行一系列SQL语句
    // …
    conn.commit(); // 提交事务
} catch (SQLException e) {
    conn.rollback(); // 回滚事务
    e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
    conn.setAutoCommit(true); // 恢复自动提交模式
    conn.close();
}

3. Savepoint: Savepoints are used to divide a transaction into multiple sub-transactions, allowing you to set a savepoint within a sub-transaction and rollback to that savepoint when needed. An example code is provided below:

try {

    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
    conn.setAutoCommit(false); // 设置为手动提交模式
    // 执行一系列SQL语句
    // …
    Savepoint savepoint = conn.setSavepoint(“savepoint1”); // 设置保存点
    // 执行一系列SQL语句
    // …
    conn.rollback(savepoint); // 回滚到保存点
    conn.commit(); // 提交事务
} catch (SQLException e) {
    conn.rollback(); // 回滚事务
    e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
    conn.setAutoCommit(true); // 恢复自动提交模式
    conn.close();
}

These methods can assist developers in implementing transaction handling in JDBC, ensuring data consistency and integrity.