How to properly manage the exception propagation chain in Python?

In Python, you can use try-except statements to catch exceptions and use the raise statement to manually raise exceptions. When writing code, you can choose to catch and handle exceptions in some cases, while in other cases propagate the exceptions to the caller.

Here is a sample code demonstrating how to properly handle the propagation chain of exceptions.

def func1():
    try:
        raise ValueError("Error in func1")
    except ValueError as e:
        print("Caught exception in func1")
        raise  # re-raise the exception

def func2():
    try:
        func1()
    except ValueError as e:
        print("Caught exception in func2")
        raise  # re-raise the exception

try:
    func2()
except ValueError as e:
    print("Caught exception in main")

In this example, a ValueError exception is raised within the func1() function, then caught and re-raised within the func2() function. Finally, the exception is caught and handled again in the main function. This way, the exception is properly propagated to the caller without being lost or modified during the propagation process.