What are the transaction processing mechanisms in Java?

There are several main transaction processing mechanisms in Java:

1. Programmatic transaction management involves handling transactions by writing code, using transaction management interfaces to initiate, commit, rollback, and other operations. In the Spring framework, programmatic transaction management can be achieved through TransactionTemplate or PlatformTransactionManager.
2. Declarative transaction management involves managing transactions by declaring their attributes in a configuration file, eliminating the need to manually write transaction management code. In the Spring framework, declarative transaction management can be achieved through the use of the @Transactional annotation.
3. Annotation-based transaction management: Simplifies transaction management by using annotations to mark the beginning and end points of transactions in the code. In the Spring framework, this can be achieved using the @Transactional annotation.
4. Distributed transaction management is necessary when dealing with transactions across multiple databases or systems to ensure the consistency and isolation of transactions. Common frameworks for distributed transaction management include Spring Cloud’s solution and Seata.