What is the calling method for a Spring Boot test class?

In Spring Boot, we can use the JUnit framework to write test classes. Here are the general steps for writing Spring Boot test classes:

1. Add the necessary dependencies: Include JUnit and Spring Boot Test dependencies in the pom.xml file.
2. Create a test class: Create a test class corresponding to the class being tested in the src/test/java directory.
3. Add annotations: Add @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) and @SpringBootTest annotations to the test class. @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) is a JUnit runner used to start the Spring context, while @SpringBootTest signifies that the test class is a Spring Boot test class.
4. Automatically injecting the class to be tested: using the @Autowired annotation in the test class to inject the class to be tested.
5. Write test methods: Write test methods in the test class, and use JUnit assertion methods to test the methods of the class being tested.
6. Run the tests: Use an IDE tool or command line to run the test class.

The example code is shown below:

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class MyServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private MyService myService;

    @Test
    public void testMethod() {
        // 调用被测试类的方法进行测试
        // 使用断言方法验证结果是否符合预期
    }
}

In testing methods, we can use JUnit’s assertion methods (such as assertEquals(), assertTrue(), etc.) to confirm if the return values of the tested methods meet expectations.

Before running the test class, make sure the Spring Boot application is already running. You can use the @SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT) annotation to specify a random port for testing the application.