线性搜索算法及其在C语言中的实现

线性搜索基本上是一个顺序搜索算法。

在这个算法中,关键元素按顺序在给定的输入数组中进行搜索。

如果在输入数组中找到关键元素,则返回该元素。


线性搜索算法

线性搜索(数组X,值i)

  • Set j to 1
  • If j > n, jump to step 7
  • If X[j] == i, jump to step 6
  • Then, increment j by 1 i.e. j = j+1
  • Go back to step 2
  • Display the element i which is found at particular index i, then jump to step 8
  • Display element not found in the set of input elements.
  • Exit/End

线性搜索的伪代码

procedure LINEAR_SEARCH (array, key)

   for each item in the array
      if match element == key
         return element's index
      end if
   end for

end procedure

在C语言中实现线性搜索。

  • Initially, we need to mention or accept the element to be searched from the user.
  • Then, we create a for loop and start searching for the element in a sequential fashion.
  • As soon as the compiler encounters a match i.e. array[element] == key value, return the element along with its position in the array.
  • If no values are found that match the input, it returns -1.
Linear Search
#include <stdio.h> 

int LINEAR_SEARCH(int inp_arr[], int size, int val) 
{ 
	 
	for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) 
		if (inp_arr[i] == val) 
			return i; 
	return -1; 
} 


int main(void) 
{ 
	int arr[] = { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 0 }; 
	int key = 100; 
	int size = 10; 
	int res = LINEAR_SEARCH(arr, size, key); 
	if (res == -1)
	printf("ELEMENT NOT FOUND!!");
    else
    printf("Item is present at index %d", res);
    
	return 0; 
} 

产出:

Item is present at index 5

线性查找的时间复杂度

如果元素在循环的第一次迭代中被找到,最好情况的时间复杂度是O(1)。

当数组的大小为n且搜索元素位于数组末尾时,最坏情况时间复杂度为O(n)。


结论

因此,在本文中,我们已经理解并实施了线性搜索算法。

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