在Google Colaboratory上安装selenium和Chrome Driver
结论
请在单元格中输入并执行以下命令。
%%shell
# Ubuntu no longer distributes chromium-browser outside of snap
#
# Proposed solution: https://askubuntu.com/questions/1204571/how-to-install-chromium-without-snap
# Add debian buster
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.list <<'EOF'
deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/debian-buster.gpg] http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main
deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/debian-buster-updates.gpg] http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main
deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/debian-security-buster.gpg] http://deb.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main
EOF
# Add keys
apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys DCC9EFBF77E11517
apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 648ACFD622F3D138
apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 112695A0E562B32A
apt-key export 77E11517 | gpg --dearmour -o /usr/share/keyrings/debian-buster.gpg
apt-key export 22F3D138 | gpg --dearmour -o /usr/share/keyrings/debian-buster-updates.gpg
apt-key export E562B32A | gpg --dearmour -o /usr/share/keyrings/debian-security-buster.gpg
# Prefer debian repo for chromium* packages only
# Note the double-blank lines between entries
cat > /etc/apt/preferences.d/chromium.pref << 'EOF'
Package: *
Pin: release a=eoan
Pin-Priority: 500
Package: *
Pin: origin "deb.debian.org"
Pin-Priority: 300
Package: chromium*
Pin: origin "deb.debian.org"
Pin-Priority: 700
EOF
# Install chromium and chromium-driver
apt-get update
apt-get install chromium chromium-driver
# Install selenium
pip install selenium
请注意
由于Google Colab的运行环境等的影响，将来可能无法使用上述命令。如果发生错误等情况，请确认最新信息。
在Google Colab上使用Selenium时，请将浏览器设置为无头模式，否则会出现错误。以下代码可以作为设置无头模式的参考：
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument(‘–headless’)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(“chromedriver”,options=options)
请参考
