TiDB的配置（单节点配置）
首先
根据 TiDB 数据库平台的快速入门指南下述步骤，已成功搭建 TiDB。
- Simulate production deployment on a single machine
准备好
本文所提到的环境是使用Oracle VM VirtualBox的虚拟机。
#値仮想マシンOSCentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)cpu cores4memory64 GB
禁用防火墙（或者打开TiDB的使用端口）。
[root@tisim ~]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 2023-05-07 07:49:11 JST; 1h 2min ago
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
Main PID: 717 (firewalld)
CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
└─717 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid
5月 07 07:49:10 tisim.besite systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
5月 07 07:49:11 tisim.besite systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
5月 07 07:49:11 tisim.besite firewalld[717]: WARNING: AllowZoneDrifting is enabled. This is considered an insecure configuration option. It will be removed in a future release. Please consider disabling it now.
[root@tisim ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@tisim ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
建立
下载TiUP。
[root@tisim ~]# curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://tiup-mirrors.pingcap.com/install.sh | sh
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 7321k 100 7321k 0 0 2476k 0 0:00:02 0:00:02 --:--:-- 2475k
WARN: adding root certificate via internet: https://tiup-mirrors.pingcap.com/root.json
You can revoke this by remove /root/.tiup/bin/7b8e153f2e2d0928.root.json
Successfully set mirror to https://tiup-mirrors.pingcap.com
Detected shell: bash
Shell profile: /root/.bash_profile
/root/.bash_profile has been modified to add tiup to PATH
open a new terminal or source /root/.bash_profile to use it
Installed path: /root/.tiup/bin/tiup
===============================================
Have a try: tiup playground
===============================================
请确认已将上述 “Installed path” 中的 /root/.tiup/bin 添加到PATH中。
[root@tisim ~]# cat /root/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export PATH=/root/.tiup/bin:$PATH
重新加载.bash_profile文件。
[root@tisim ~]# . ~/.bash_profile
[root@tisim ~]# which tiup
/root/.tiup/bin/tiup
安装TiUP的集群组件。
[root@tisim ~]# tiup cluster
tiup is checking updates for component cluster ...timeout(2s)!
The component `cluster` version is not installed; downloading from repository.
download https://tiup-mirrors.pingcap.com/cluster-v1.12.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz 8.68 MiB / 8.68 MiB 100.00% 14.41 MiB/s
Starting component `cluster`: /root/.tiup/components/cluster/v1.12.1/tiup-cluster
Deploy a TiDB cluster for production
Usage:
tiup cluster [command]
Available Commands:
check Perform preflight checks for the cluster.
deploy Deploy a cluster for production
start Start a TiDB cluster
stop Stop a TiDB cluster
restart Restart a TiDB cluster
scale-in Scale in a TiDB cluster
scale-out Scale out a TiDB cluster
destroy Destroy a specified cluster
clean (EXPERIMENTAL) Cleanup a specified cluster
upgrade Upgrade a specified TiDB cluster
display Display information of a TiDB cluster
prune Destroy and remove instances that is in tombstone state
list List all clusters
audit Show audit log of cluster operation
import Import an exist TiDB cluster from TiDB-Ansible
edit-config Edit TiDB cluster config
show-config Show TiDB cluster config
reload Reload a TiDB cluster's config and restart if needed
patch Replace the remote package with a specified package and restart the service
rename Rename the cluster
enable Enable a TiDB cluster automatically at boot
disable Disable automatic enabling of TiDB clusters at boot
replay Replay previous operation and skip successed steps
template Print topology template
tls Enable/Disable TLS between TiDB components
meta backup/restore meta information
rotatessh rotate ssh keys on all nodes
help Help about any command
completion Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
Flags:
-c, --concurrency int max number of parallel tasks allowed (default 5)
--format string (EXPERIMENTAL) The format of output, available values are [default, json] (default "default")
-h, --help help for tiup
--ssh string (EXPERIMENTAL) The executor type: 'builtin', 'system', 'none'.
--ssh-timeout uint Timeout in seconds to connect host via SSH, ignored for operations that don't need an SSH connection. (default 5)
-v, --version version for tiup
--wait-timeout uint Timeout in seconds to wait for an operation to complete, ignored for operations that don't fit. (default 120)
-y, --yes Skip all confirmations and assumes 'yes'
Use "tiup cluster help [command]" for more information about a command.
如果已安装，请使用以下命令进行更新。
[root@tisim ~]# tiup update --self && tiup update cluster
download https://tiup-mirrors.pingcap.com/tiup-v1.12.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz 7.15 MiB / 7.15 MiB 100.00% 15.46 MiB/s
Updated successfully!
component cluster version v1.12.1 is already installed
Updated successfully!
如果像本文所述的环境一样使用单一节点，需要增加ssh的MaxSessions。按照快速入门指南的说明，已将其更改为20。
[root@tisim ~]# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
[root@tisim ~]# grep MaxSessions /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#MaxSessions 10
MaxSessions 20
我要重新启动sshd。
[root@tisim ~]# systemctl restart sshd
[root@tisim ~]# systemctl status sshd
● sshd.service - OpenSSH server daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 2023-05-07 10:09:03 JST; 13s ago
Docs: man:sshd(8)
man:sshd_config(5)
Main PID: 1942 (sshd)
Tasks: 1
CGroup: /system.slice/sshd.service
mq1942 /usr/sbin/sshd -D
5月 07 10:09:03 tisim.besite systemd[1]: Starting OpenSSH server daemon...
5月 07 10:09:03 tisim.besite sshd[1942]: Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.
5月 07 10:09:03 tisim.besite sshd[1942]: Server listening on :: port 22.
5月 07 10:09:03 tisim.besite systemd[1]: Started OpenSSH server daemon.
创建配置文件。
需要为同一个节点分配不同的端口，以配置3个 TiKV。
可以利用样本topo.yaml文件，并仅更改其中的IP地址部分。
或者，执行tiup cluster template topology命令，似乎可以输出示例。
[root@tisim ~]# vi topo.yaml
[root@tisim ~]# cat topo.yaml
# # Global variables are applied to all deployments and used as the default value of
# # the deployments if a specific deployment value is missing.
global:
user: "tidb"
ssh_port: 22
deploy_dir: "/tidb-deploy"
data_dir: "/tidb-data"
# # Monitored variables are applied to all the machines.
monitored:
node_exporter_port: 9100
blackbox_exporter_port: 9115
server_configs:
tidb:
log.slow-threshold: 300
tikv:
readpool.storage.use-unified-pool: false
readpool.coprocessor.use-unified-pool: true
pd:
replication.enable-placement-rules: true
replication.location-labels: ["host"]
tiflash:
logger.level: "info"
pd_servers:
- host: 192.168.3.171
tidb_servers:
- host: 192.168.3.171
tikv_servers:
- host: 192.168.3.171
port: 20160
status_port: 20180
config:
server.labels: { host: "logic-host-1" }
- host: 192.168.3.171
port: 20161
status_port: 20181
config:
server.labels: { host: "logic-host-2" }
- host: 192.168.3.171
port: 20162
status_port: 20182
config:
server.labels: { host: "logic-host-3" }
tiflash_servers:
- host: 192.168.3.171
monitoring_servers:
- host: 192.168.3.171
grafana_servers:
- host: 192.168.3.171
检查可安装的TiDB版本。这次要安装的是v7.0.0。
[root@tisim ~]# tiup list tidb|grep 2023
nightly -> v7.2.0-alpha-nightly-20230507 2023-05-07T00:25:26+08:00 darwin/arm64,linux/amd64,linux/arm64,darwin/amd64
v6.1.4 2023-02-08T11:32:28+08:00 darwin/arm64,linux/amd64,linux/arm64,darwin/amd64
v6.1.5 2023-02-28T11:21:37+08:00 darwin/arm64,linux/amd64,linux/arm64,darwin/amd64
v6.1.6 2023-04-12T11:03:44+08:00 darwin/arm64,linux/amd64,linux/arm64,darwin/amd64
v6.5.1 2023-03-10T13:34:51+08:00 darwin/arm64,linux/amd64,linux/arm64,darwin/amd64
v6.5.2 2023-04-21T10:50:24+08:00 darwin/arm64,linux/amd64,linux/arm64,darwin/amd64
v6.6.0 2023-02-20T16:40:24+08:00 darwin/arm64,linux/amd64,linux/arm64,darwin/amd64
v7.0.0 2023-03-30T10:29:21+08:00 darwin/arm64,linux/amd64,linux/arm64,darwin/amd64
v7.2.0-alpha-nightly-20230507 2023-05-07T00:25:26+08:00 darwin/arm64,linux/amd64,linux/arm64,darwin/amd64
使用tiup命令部署集群，集群名称为，版本为，拓扑文件为./topo.yaml，用户为root，密码为-p。
-
- cluster-nameに、任意のクラスタ名を指定します。
- versionに、TiDBのバージョンを指定します。
[root@tisim ~]# tiup cluster deploy demo-cluster v7.0.0 ./topo.yaml --user root -p
tiup is checking updates for component cluster ...
Starting component `cluster`: /root/.tiup/components/cluster/v1.12.1/tiup-cluster deploy demo-cluster v7.0.0 ./topo.yaml --user root -p
Input SSH password:
+ Detect CPU Arch Name
- Detecting node 192.168.3.171 Arch info ... Done
+ Detect CPU OS Name
- Detecting node 192.168.3.171 OS info ... Done
Please confirm your topology:
Cluster type: tidb
Cluster name: demo-cluster
Cluster version: v7.0.0
Role Host Ports OS/Arch Directories
---- ---- ----- ------- -----------
pd 192.168.3.171 2379/2380 linux/x86_64 /tidb-deploy/pd-2379,/tidb-data/pd-2379
tikv 192.168.3.171 20160/20180 linux/x86_64 /tidb-deploy/tikv-20160,/tidb-data/tikv-20160
tikv 192.168.3.171 20161/20181 linux/x86_64 /tidb-deploy/tikv-20161,/tidb-data/tikv-20161
tikv 192.168.3.171 20162/20182 linux/x86_64 /tidb-deploy/tikv-20162,/tidb-data/tikv-20162
tidb 192.168.3.171 4000/10080 linux/x86_64 /tidb-deploy/tidb-4000
tiflash 192.168.3.171 9000/8123/3930/20170/20292/8234 linux/x86_64 /tidb-deploy/tiflash-9000,/tidb-data/tiflash-9000
prometheus 192.168.3.171 9090/12020 linux/x86_64 /tidb-deploy/prometheus-9090,/tidb-data/prometheus-9090
grafana 192.168.3.171 3000 linux/x86_64 /tidb-deploy/grafana-3000
Attention:
1. If the topology is not what you expected, check your yaml file.
2. Please confirm there is no port/directory conflicts in same host.
Do you want to continue? [y/N]: (default=N)
如果拓扑结构与预期的一样，就输入y并继续。
Do you want to continue? [y/N]: (default=N) y
+ Generate SSH keys ... Done
+ Download TiDB components
- Download pd:v7.0.0 (linux/amd64) ... Done
- Download tikv:v7.0.0 (linux/amd64) ... Done
- Download tidb:v7.0.0 (linux/amd64) ... Done
- Download tiflash:v7.0.0 (linux/amd64) ... Done
- Download prometheus:v7.0.0 (linux/amd64) ... Done
- Download grafana:v7.0.0 (linux/amd64) ... Done
- Download node_exporter: (linux/amd64) ... Done
- Download blackbox_exporter: (linux/amd64) ... Done
+ Initialize target host environments
- Prepare 192.168.3.171:22 ... Done
+ Deploy TiDB instance
- Copy pd -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
- Copy tikv -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
- Copy tikv -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
- Copy tikv -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
- Copy tidb -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
- Copy tiflash -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
- Copy prometheus -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
- Copy grafana -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
- Deploy node_exporter -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
- Deploy blackbox_exporter -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
+ Copy certificate to remote host
+ Init instance configs
- Generate config pd -> 192.168.3.171:2379 ... Done
- Generate config tikv -> 192.168.3.171:20160 ... Done
- Generate config tikv -> 192.168.3.171:20161 ... Done
- Generate config tikv -> 192.168.3.171:20162 ... Done
- Generate config tidb -> 192.168.3.171:4000 ... Done
- Generate config tiflash -> 192.168.3.171:9000 ... Done
- Generate config prometheus -> 192.168.3.171:9090 ... Done
- Generate config grafana -> 192.168.3.171:3000 ... Done
+ Init monitor configs
- Generate config node_exporter -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
- Generate config blackbox_exporter -> 192.168.3.171 ... Done
Enabling component pd
Enabling instance 192.168.3.171:2379
Enable instance 192.168.3.171:2379 success
Enabling component tikv
Enabling instance 192.168.3.171:20162
Enabling instance 192.168.3.171:20161
Enabling instance 192.168.3.171:20160
Enable instance 192.168.3.171:20161 success
Enable instance 192.168.3.171:20160 success
Enable instance 192.168.3.171:20162 success
Enabling component tidb
Enabling instance 192.168.3.171:4000
Enable instance 192.168.3.171:4000 success
Enabling component tiflash
Enabling instance 192.168.3.171:9000
Enable instance 192.168.3.171:9000 success
Enabling component prometheus
Enabling instance 192.168.3.171:9090
Enable instance 192.168.3.171:9090 success
Enabling component grafana
Enabling instance 192.168.3.171:3000
Enable instance 192.168.3.171:3000 success
Enabling component node_exporter
Enabling instance 192.168.3.171
Enable 192.168.3.171 success
Enabling component blackbox_exporter
Enabling instance 192.168.3.171
Enable 192.168.3.171 success
Cluster `demo-cluster` deployed successfully, you can start it with command: `tiup cluster start demo-cluster --init`
启动集群。
[root@tisim ~]# tiup cluster start demo-cluster
tiup is checking updates for component cluster ...
Starting component `cluster`: /root/.tiup/components/cluster/v1.12.1/tiup-cluster start demo-cluster
Starting cluster demo-cluster...
+ [ Serial ] - SSHKeySet: privateKey=/root/.tiup/storage/cluster/clusters/demo-cluster/ssh/id_rsa, publicKey=/root/.tiup/storage/cluster/clusters/demo-cluster/ssh/id_rsa.pub
+ [Parallel] - UserSSH: user=tidb, host=192.168.3.171
+ [Parallel] - UserSSH: user=tidb, host=192.168.3.171
+ [Parallel] - UserSSH: user=tidb, host=192.168.3.171
+ [Parallel] - UserSSH: user=tidb, host=192.168.3.171
+ [Parallel] - UserSSH: user=tidb, host=192.168.3.171
+ [Parallel] - UserSSH: user=tidb, host=192.168.3.171
+ [Parallel] - UserSSH: user=tidb, host=192.168.3.171
+ [Parallel] - UserSSH: user=tidb, host=192.168.3.171
+ [ Serial ] - StartCluster
Starting component pd
Starting instance 192.168.3.171:2379
Start instance 192.168.3.171:2379 success
Starting component tikv
Starting instance 192.168.3.171:20162
Starting instance 192.168.3.171:20160
Starting instance 192.168.3.171:20161
Start instance 192.168.3.171:20161 success
Start instance 192.168.3.171:20160 success
Start instance 192.168.3.171:20162 success
Starting component tidb
Starting instance 192.168.3.171:4000
Start instance 192.168.3.171:4000 success
Starting component tiflash
Starting instance 192.168.3.171:9000
Start instance 192.168.3.171:9000 success
Starting component prometheus
Starting instance 192.168.3.171:9090
Start instance 192.168.3.171:9090 success
Starting component grafana
Starting instance 192.168.3.171:3000
Start instance 192.168.3.171:3000 success
Starting component node_exporter
Starting instance 192.168.3.171
Start 192.168.3.171 success
Starting component blackbox_exporter
Starting instance 192.168.3.171
Start 192.168.3.171 success
+ [ Serial ] - UpdateTopology: cluster=demo-cluster
Started cluster `demo-cluster` successfully
查看群集列表。
[root@tisim ~]# tiup cluster list
tiup is checking updates for component cluster ...
Starting component `cluster`: /root/.tiup/components/cluster/v1.12.1/tiup-cluster list
Name User Version Path PrivateKey
---- ---- ------- ---- ----------
demo-cluster tidb v7.0.0 /root/.tiup/storage/cluster/clusters/demo-cluster /root/.tiup/storage/cluster/clusters/demo-cluster/ssh/id_rsa
显示集群的拓扑结构。
[root@tisim ~]# tiup cluster display demo-cluster
tiup is checking updates for component cluster ...
Starting component `cluster`: /root/.tiup/components/cluster/v1.12.1/tiup-cluster display demo-cluster
Cluster type: tidb
Cluster name: demo-cluster
Cluster version: v7.0.0
Deploy user: tidb
SSH type: builtin
Dashboard URL: http://192.168.3.171:2379/dashboard
Grafana URL: http://192.168.3.171:3000
ID Role Host Ports OS/Arch Status Data Dir Deploy Dir
-- ---- ---- ----- ------- ------ -------- ----------
192.168.3.171:3000 grafana 192.168.3.171 3000 linux/x86_64 Up - /tidb-deploy/grafana-3000
192.168.3.171:2379 pd 192.168.3.171 2379/2380 linux/x86_64 Up|L|UI /tidb-data/pd-2379 /tidb-deploy/pd-2379
192.168.3.171:9090 prometheus 192.168.3.171 9090/12020 linux/x86_64 Up /tidb-data/prometheus-9090 /tidb-deploy/prometheus-9090
192.168.3.171:4000 tidb 192.168.3.171 4000/10080 linux/x86_64 Up - /tidb-deploy/tidb-4000
192.168.3.171:9000 tiflash 192.168.3.171 9000/8123/3930/20170/20292/8234 linux/x86_64 Up /tidb-data/tiflash-9000 /tidb-deploy/tiflash-9000
192.168.3.171:20160 tikv 192.168.3.171 20160/20180 linux/x86_64 Up /tidb-data/tikv-20160 /tidb-deploy/tikv-20160
192.168.3.171:20161 tikv 192.168.3.171 20161/20181 linux/x86_64 Up /tidb-data/tikv-20161 /tidb-deploy/tikv-20161
192.168.3.171:20162 tikv 192.168.3.171 20162/20182 linux/x86_64 Up /tidb-data/tikv-20162 /tidb-deploy/tikv-20162
Total nodes: 8
我将从MySQL客户端进行连接确认。
[root@mysql01 ~]# mysql -h 192.168.3.171 -P 4000 -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 437
Server version: 5.7.25-TiDB-v7.0.0 TiDB Server (Apache License 2.0) Community Edition, MySQL 5.7 compatible
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| INFORMATION_SCHEMA |
| METRICS_SCHEMA |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
总结
由于公式指南的质量很高，我们毫不犹豫地构建了TiDB。未来，我们计划进行教程并进一步加深理解。
